Artículos Científicos - 2025
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- ÍtemProducción de biomasa y calidad nutricional en pastura consociada en la Sierra Central de Perú(evista de Investigaciones Veterinarias del Perú (RIVEP), 2025-08-29) Arias Arredondo, Alberto; Lopez R, Melina; Pantoja A, Cesar; Cruz L, JuanCarlos; Pizarro, Samuel; Contreras Paco, Jose LuisLa investigación tuvo como objetivo evaluar y obtener datos de la producción de forraje (t/ha) y de la calidad nutricional de especies de leguminosas, gramíneas y sus consociados en la sierra central del Perú. El estudio se desarrolló en el centro experimental de Casaracra de la Universidad Nacional Daniel Alcides Carrión, sierra central del Perú, a 3786 msnm. Se obtuvo los valores de producción de forraje en materia seca, materia verde y el porcentaje de materia seca, así como los valores de calidad nutricional: Proteína total (PT%), Grasa (G%), Fibra cruda (FC%), Ceniza (C%), Calcio (Ca%), Fósforo (P%), Extracto libre de nitrógeno (ELN%) y la Energía bruta (EB kcal/100 g). Se encontraron diferencias significativas entre tratamientos para biomasa forrajera y calidad nutricional. Se construyó un dendograma donde los tratamientos fueron agrupados en tres grupos por sus características similares y valores estadísticamente significativos; además, se realizó un análisis de componentes principales (PCA) para observar la relación de las características evaluadas con los tratamientos. Se concluye que en el suelo considerado moderadamente ácido los tratamientos mostraron un adecuado establecimiento y crecimiento, y que tratamiento conformado por Lolium multiflorum cv. Tama consociado con Medicago sativa cv. W440 es el más recomendable para sembrar en suelos altoandinos.
- ÍtemIndustrial Applications of Schinus molle L. Seed Oil: From Agriculture to Consumer Products(Current Research in Nutrition and Food Science., 2025-09-02) Rodríguez Cangalaya, Nora; Malpartida Yapias, Rafael Julian; Ruiz RodrÍguez, Alfonso; Huaquipaco Encinas, Severo; Lizarraga Gamarra, Flor Beatriz; Corrilla Flores, Denis Dante; Óre Areche, FranklinThis study set out to examine her physicochemical characteristics, antioxidant activity and toxicological aspect of Schinus molle L. seed oil with view to ascertaining it as a potential product in an industrialized setting in the food, cosmetics and pharmaceutical sectors. It contains significant amounts of unsaturated fatty acids especially oleic (43.2%) and linoleic (34.7) which are health promoting. Its antioxidant activity was very high with a total phenolic concentration (102.4 mg GAE/ 100g), DPPH radical scavenging activity (76.5) and the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP, 0.45 mmol Fe2 + /100g). This improves its prospects as a preservative agent and anti-aging agent. Viscosity values of the oil also varied with temperature ranging between 37.2 cP at 25 oC (temperature of interest) to 55.5 cP at 200 oC, which indicates that it was capable of high temperature usage. A toxicological test indicated 0% cytotoxicity, no irritation on the skin, and genotoxicity was recorded negative and concluded that this oil can be used in a consumer product. The results showed the potential of oil to be a multifunctional, sustainable, and safe material in most industries, as it can act as an antioxidant, and it is non-toxic, which justifies its application in health-sensitive formulations. All in all, Schinus molle L. seed oil demonstrates its potential application in food, cosmetic and pharmaceutical products that demand natural anti-aging, moisturizers and preservative qualities.
- ÍtemOptimized Extraction of High-Purity Pectin From Orange Biowaste using Synergistic Ultrasound-Microwave-Assisted Green Technologies(Current Research in Nutrition and Food Science, 2025-07-16) Malpartida Yapias, Rafael Julian; Ore Areche, Franklin; De la Cruz Calderon, Gina; Yata Franco, Lesly Edith; Tocto Yajahuanca, Laumer; Canchari Fierro, Yoselyn Erika; Cochachi Poma, William Alberto; Ruiz Rodriguez, AlfonsoSteady extraction methods need improvement to obtain pure pectin from citrus biowaste while enabling environmental waste management and advancing green manufacturing systems. Specifically, ultrasound cavitation will enhance mass transfer and microwave irradiation will provide rapid and uniform heating, leading to more efficient pectin extraction with improved functional properties. A full factorial experimental design (2³) was employed, analyzing the effects of three independent variables: temperature (°C), microwave power (W), and ultrasonic amplitude (%), on both pectin yield and its quality parameters, such as degree of esterification and sugar composition. Statistical validation was performed using ANOVA and Tukey's post-hoc test to confirm significant differences among treatments. Under optimal conditions (60°C and 500 W with 50% amplitude and 3 min duration), the pectin extraction process achieved a maximum yield of 65.40% (p < 0.001, η² = 0.961, 95% CI: (59.88%, 63.37%)). The derived pectin exhibited exceptional physicochemical attributes, including 78.67% (p < 0.001, η² = 0.954, 95% CI: (69.5%, 79.1%)) anhydrouronic acid, 81.56% (p < 0.001, η² = 0.950, 95% CI: (71.8%, 81.6%)), galacturonic acid content, and a 70.48% (p < 0.001, η² = 0.948, 95% CI: (61.8%, 70.2%)) degree of esterification, qualifying it as high-methoxyl class pectin with superior gelling and emulsifying properties. UMAE resulted in improved performance indicators, such as a water holding capacity of 11.01 g/g (p < 0.001, η² = 0.996), an oil holding capacity of 5.42 g/g (p < 0.001, η² = 0.990), an emulsifying activity index of 65.40%, and foam stability of 93.25%. Additionally, the method reduced overall extraction time by 70% (p < 0.001, η² = 0.970) and energy usage by 38.84% (p < 0.001, η² = 0.967), significantly contributing to sustainable production. While UMAE demonstrates improvements in extraction time and energy efficiency, claims of sustainability require further validation through life cycle analysis (LCA) and techno-economic assessments. These analyses would help quantify the environmental and economic impact of UMAE at an industrial scale.
- ÍtemDevelopment and Implementation of a Virtual Environment in the Huancavelica-Based Metaverse for the Treatment of Psychoprophylaxis in Pregnant Women(SSRG International Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering, 2025-05-27) Perez Mamani, Alberth; Davila Diaz, Nebeck; Arana Huanca, Oscar; Cardenas Pineda, Lina; Gonzales Macavilca, Milton; Ramos Cosi, Sebastián; Alva Mantari, AliciaThe neonatal mortality has remained one of the main problems, being even more recurrent in regions with vulnerable populations or high poverty rates, where most of these cases die due to inadequate, preventable care. This study seeks to explore the use of the metaverse to improve prenatal psychoprophylaxis by providing an immersive virtual environment that facilitates remote interaction between specialist physicians and pregnant women. A free methodology was used, ranging from planning and avatar selection to implementation and launch. The results demonstrated that the metaverse is a viable environment to improve accessibility, interaction, and prenatal care. In conclusion, this innovative approach could make prenatal care more interactive.
- ÍtemDescriptive Analysis of Perineal Length in Women of Childbearing Age in the Jungle of Peru During 2023(International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology, 2025-05-08) Chavez Alvarez, Gloria; Alva Mamani, Alicia; Cordova Aguilar, Lucy; Cardenas Pineda, LinaThe objective of this study is to perform a descriptive analysis to estimate the length of the perineal body in women of childbearing age in the jungle of Peru in 2023. Methodology: descriptive, prospective research in 100 women (84 non-pregnant and 16 pregnant) aged 21 to 40 years, identified by non-probabilistic sampling, of the total number of women who attended from May to October 2023. Participation was voluntary, and the condition did not present pathologies or lesions at the level of the perineal body, such as episiotomies or poorly healed tears, tumors or condylomas; a measurement protocol was used. Results: the length of the perineal body of jungle women on average is 2.98 ±0.24 cm; 50% of the women had measurements below 2.95cm, the shortest perineum was 1.80 cm and the longest 4.50 cm; 25% exhibited a length below 2.60cm, and 50% below 2.95cm and 75% below 3.30 cm, understanding that 25% have perineum greater than or equal to 3.30 cm to 4.50cm. The participants weighed between 47 and 96 kg, on average 64.73 ±10.01 kg. The size was from 146 to 168 cm, presenting on average 153.57 ± 4.27 cm. Conclusion: The length of the perineum is shorter than that found in the Sierra and greater than that of Lima. This difference may correspond to the methodology used in the measurement, which is why it is necessary to carry out research with the same protocol in the three regions of Peru.